![]() ![]() For this purpose the EU‘s legal documents related to the cultural policy areas and its annual progress reports of Turkey have been looked at. This study aims to discuss where Turkey is located within the EU in terms of cultural policy in general and cultural rights in particular. Among the negative aspects which confront Turkey‘s membership, culture is often cited. * A new type of relationship between the public sector, private companies and civil society that is based upon interactivity, collaboration and the co-construction of policy frameworks has not yet emerged.īeing a candidate state since 2005, Turkey‘s bid for membership of the European Union has stagnated in the accession negotiations. * The public sector may entirely lose its agency on the creative scene if a targeted approach to address the rise and market concentration of large platforms or the monopoly on artificial intelligence is not adopted. This was the first time that digital revenues made up 50% of the recorded music market. In 2016, digital revenues in the music market grew by 17.7%, driven by a sharp 60.4% increase in the share of streaming revenues. * The volume of data circulating on the Internet is growing exponentially and revenues are also increasing. * In the Global South, despite the advantages resulting from mass adoption of mobile broadband, many countries lack infrastructure and are unable to consolidate a market for cultural goods and services in the digital environment. * Very few countries have designed and implemented digital culture policies that go beyond initiatives undertaken to digitize or strengthen specific nodes of the value chain. KEY FINDINGS * The cultural value chain is rapidly being transformed from a pipeline-like configuration to a network model – and few countries have a strategy in place to deal with these changes. Using examples from all over the world, this study describes the need for artistic freedom, the complexity of the challenges, and identifies the steps needed to further ensure its protection worldwide. At the same time, it is difficult to gain in-depth knowledge and thus comprehensive documentation across the arts and culture sectors, because amongst other reasons of the broad definitions of art and artists. The right to freedom of expression is a universal right, safeguarded by international human rights instruments that protect fundamental freedoms. What is artistic freedom and what are the reasons for protecting and promoting it? What developments have there been in documentation and advocacy? What are the challenges to artistic freedom, what reasons exist for censoring or repressing artistic expression, and what are the effects of such censorship or repression? Conflicts over artistic expression frequently stem from tensions within societies, based on opposing political, social or religious views and traditions.
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